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THE HERITAGE ARCHIVE

A digital home for the voices, records, and memories of our historic coastal town.

Salmon Fishing at Portsoy

Before 1834

Salmon fishing in Portsoy is closely associated with Portsoy’s Salmon Bothy, which was purpose built in 1834 by the Seafield Estate, which then owned the salmon fishing rights along the coast.  Fishing for salmon, however, was carried out well before that.

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The evidence for this is Portsoy’s oldest commercial building, the Corfe House, situated at the Old Harbour.  While built as a girnal, i.e. a grain store, the building has had a number of uses over the years.  The Scottish National Dictionary defines “Corfhouse” as “A shed used for curing salmon, and for storing nets during the close season,” and cites examples from past years located at Cullen and the Ythan estuary. 

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Until the 19th century, salmon was preserved like other fish, by salting and sealing in wooden barrels for onward export by sea.  The vaulted chambers of the Corfe House would have been suited for temporary storage, enabling barrels to be easily rolled out to the quay and on to waiting vessels.  There was a nearby salt house at the Old Harbour, just up from the harbour slip and below the present day dolphin statue.

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The method of preserving salmon started to change in the early 19th century, to parboiling the flesh in brine and then packing the fish in boxes with ice.  This method was greatly assisted by the coming of the railways, which enabled fast transport to any part of the country.  Iced salmon, being fresher, had to be eaten sooner than the salted variety.  This development demanded a whole new processing facility.  An ice house could not be excavated in the rocky area around the Old Harbour, hence the building of our salmon house at the west end of the Ljnks Bay in 1834.

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The three storey building provided an office, a bothy for men to sleep, an ice house, a fish preparation area, workshop and a net storage area.

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Salmon House 2025.jpg

After 1834




The New Statistical Account of Scotland - 1842: -

SALMON FISHING: - Salmon fishing by the bag-net is carried on at a station near to the mouth of the Burn of Boyne.  The rent to the proprietor for the part of the coast in this parish is L.12, 10s.  The average number of salmon caught for the last two years was 147, and of grilses, 410.

 

 

Banffshire Journal, Tuesday, September 18th. 1849: -

SALMON FISHERS' BALL - It has long been customary for the hands in the employment of Messrs. Hogarth & Co.; connected with the receiving station at Portsoy to have a friendly meeting at the close of the season; before leaving for their respective homes.  Accordingly, the fishing season now being closed, their ball came off on the evening of Thursday last (13th. Sept. 1849), in the large loft at the station.  Those of the men who are married brought their wives and families with them, and those who are single brought their sweethearts and friends.  The merry dance was kept up till about 12 o'clock, when refreshments were served round and during the repast, a bumper was pledged, with right good will, to the health and success of the employers, who are upon all occasions most attentive to their comforts, and also to the health of Mr. Proctor, the Manager.   Some excellent songs were sung, and the evening was spent in a most agreeable and harmonious manner, every one present seeming to vie with those around him as to which of them should contribute the largest share of the common stock of happiness.  The dance was resumed, and kept up till nearly three o'clock, and even then, some seemed loathe to part.  The hands, afterwards, embarked on board the "Bonnie Dundee" most of them being from Fortrose and places adjacent.
 

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Banffshire Reporter, Wednesday, May 6th. 1891: -

DEATH OF THE LESSEE OF MR. ANDREW GEILS, SALMON FISHINGS - It is our melancholy duty today to record the death of Mr. Andrew Geils, lessee of salmon fishings in Moray and Banff.   The sad event took place suddenly on Monday (4th. May 1891) at Mount Pleasant, Schoolhendry St., Portsoy, where he resided with his brother-in-law and sister, Mr. and Mrs. Gillan.   Mr. Geils had not been feeling strong, but he showed no symptoms calculated to give rise to serious apprehensions.   On Sunday he kept indoors; and not feeling himself sufficiently recovered on Monday morning he remained in bed.   He partook of a light breakfast with evident relish, and Mrs. Gillan visited him several times in the course of the forenoon, and observed no change for the worse in his condition.  On entering the bedroom at half-past twelve, however, she was alarmed to find Mr. Geils lying in an apparently unconscious state.  Having spoken to him and received no reply, she at once called for assistance; and, shortly thereafter Dr. Stewart was in attendance.    On his arrival, however, life was found to be extinct.   The cause of death was pronounced to be heart disease.
 

          Mr. Geils, who has been cut down in the prime of life, only having attained his 45th. year, was a native of Foveran, in Aberdeenshire.  He was the eldest son of the late Mr. John Geils, whose connection as lessee with the fisheries referred to, extended over a lengthened period.   When the subject of this brief notice was seven years of age, he went with his parents to reside at Burghead, where he received his education. After leaving school, he entered the Elgin branch of the Royal Bank, with the view of getting a knowledge of business in order to fit him for the increasing responsibilities pertaining to the management of the fisheries held by his father.
 

          After remaining at the bank desk for a short time, and preferring practice to theory, Mr. Geils took part in all the operations pertaining to the important industry, upon the carrying out and furtherance of which he had set his mind.  Under his father at Burghead, and with Mr. Barclay (now his foreman at Portsoy), Mr. Geils soon made progress, and showed such aptitude for the details of the work that he was entrusted with the full management and control of the station at Pitgaveney, Lossiemouth; and, after being there for a couple of years, at the close of 1867, on his father acquiring the Seafield fishings, which became vacant at the time, it was he  (Mr. Andrew Geils) who was placed in charge of this important addition which had been made to their already extensive stretch of fishing ground.
 

          On the death of his father, in May of 1882, he became lessee of all the fishings, viz.: - Burghead, Milton of Brodie, and the whole of the Cluny and Seafield fishings on the Banffshire coast.  The success achieved by the father was fully maintained by the son, who carried on the fishing in a quiet and thoroughly business manner.   At losses, in consequence of storms or markets "tending downwards" he did not fret.   This he regarded as the inevitable consequence of circumstances, and always looked hopefully forward and endeavoured to do his utmost to remedy matters.  Results proved the wisdom of this line of action.
 

          To his employees, upwards of forty in number, Mr. Geils showed great respect and kindness, and next to his relatives none will mourn or feel his death more sincerely and deeply than they.  By them Mr. Geil's interests were regarded as identical with their own, and whether he was present or absent, duty was never shirked.  By way of showing the respect in which Mr. Geils, and his father before him, was held, it may be stated that some of the men presently employed have been connected with the fishings for long - indeed, in several instances, for 35 or 37 years.
 

          Although of a quiet and retiring disposition, Mr. Geils took a lively interest in all that pertained to the welfare of the community, and every good cause found in him a willing supporter.    He will be missed by many and in various ways, for which he had a kind heart and an open hand.  Mr. Geils was one of the most popular men, not only in this district, but wherever he had occasion to travel in connection with his extensive business, and we believe he has gone to that land from whence no traveller returns leaving many friends and not a single enemy behind him.   His unexpected death in the midst of an active and prosperous career will cause much and widespread regret.
 

          Mr. Geils was long identified with the volunteer movement, having for some twelve years held the rank of Captain in the Burghead Artillery.   He held his commission for several years after coming to Portsoy, having had occasion frequently to travel eastward.
 

          With the Portsoy Harbour Company he was associated from the start as a director.  He continued to represent the shareholders on the directorate up till the time of his death.
 

          On the adoption of the Lindsay Act two years ago, Mr. Geils was one of the nine gentlemen chosen by the ratepayers to represent them at the Council Board.   He also frequently took part in the deliberations of the Fordyce Parochial Board, of which he was a member.
 

          He was a member of the Portsoy Established Church, which he attended with marked regularity.  And we have reason to believe that his contributions to the objects of the Church were dealt out with no stinted hand.
 

          Mr. Geils was also an enthusiastic Freemason.  He was one of those who took an active part in the formation of St. Stephen Lodge, on the charter of which his name appears.
 

          We may state in a word that he had considerable interest in shipping.
 

          Mr. Geils, who was never married, is survived by his mother (who resides in Portsoy) and by two brothers and a sister (Mrs. Gillan), for whom and his other relatives in their sad bereavement the utmost sympathy is being expressed.
 

          Deceased is to be honoured with a Masonic funeral, which is fixed for tomorrow (Thursday) at two o'clock in the afternoon.   The place of internment is the Burial Ground Portsoy

 

Banffshire Reporter, Wednesday, January 28th. 1914: -

PORTSOY INDUSTRY CHANGES HANDS – SALMON FISHINGS - The Portsoy and other salmon fishings which have been carried on by Messrs. Gillan, Mount Pleasant, and their predecessors since the sixties have just changed hands, all their stations having been taken over by a syndicate formed some five years ago, and since doing business under the name of the Moray Firth Salmon Fisheries Company.   Beginning with a short stretch of water, they have since been yearly adding station to station, until they are now in possession of extensive and valuable fishing grounds.
 

            The fishings which have just changed hands were as far back as 1868 in the hands of Mr. John Geils, father of Mrs. Gillan, Mount Pleasant, Portsoy.  He first held the Seafield fishings, the Gollachy and other stations being afterwards added.  Mr. John Geils was succeeded by his son, Mr. Andrew Geils, and the latter on his death by his brother-in-law, Mr. A.L. Gillan, and it is from the sons of the latter that the Moray Firth Salmon Fisheries Company have now taken over the fishings.
 

         

Research by Findlay Pirie
1902 Ice from Loch.JPG

The Banffshire Journal, Wednesday, March 1, 1996: -

PRESERVING LINKS WITH SALMON - Plans for a new £150,000 museum in Portsoy are gathering pace after the official launch of a trust to co-ordinate the project.  The Portsoy Salmon House Trust has been formed with the aim of providing a museum of local history and information on the area’s salmon fishing trade in the old Salmon House in Portsoy Links.  The new museum could be open to the public by the end of 1997.
 

            The Trust is to be made up of representatives of Portsoy and District Community Council, Portsoy 75 Club, NorthEast Preservation Trust, Scottish Traditional Small Boat Festival and Banff and Buchan District Council. Council senior project officer, Richard Leith said, “We are delighted now the trust has been formally set up to take the Salmon House forward, firstly as an interpretative centre for Moray Firth Salmon Fishing industry, and secondly as a local history museum, possibly with a genealogy aspect.  The project sits nicely with all the other proposals for Portsoy as a whole. We have an agreement in principle from Historic Scotland that they will fund essential repairs to put the building back into a sound state.”
 

            The Salmon House was purpose built in 1834 by the Seafield Estate, which then owned the fishing rights along the coast, to provide an office, bothy, ice house, preparation area, workshop, and storage accommodation.  It was used until 1990 when salmon fishing was stopped at the Portsoy Station and is now a listed building.

            The idea of creating a permanent museum was first suggested after tercentenary celebrations for the Old Harbour in 1993 as a means of preserving the Salmon House.   Local community leaders then staged talks with various organisations before the Northeast Scotland Museums Service decided to buy much of the equipment used by the Salmon fishing industry.

            Banff and Buchan District Council are currently finalising the acquisition of the Salmon House from Seafield Estates, and will hand the property over to the trust when the deal is completed.

 

The Press and Journal.   Thursday, March 7 1996 : -

Portsoy Salmon House to be Museum       Plans to set up a dual-purpose visitor attraction in Portsoy have been given a boost with the formal launch yesterday of a trust to develop the project.  The Portsoy Salmon House Trust has been established to take on responsibility for developing the village's Salmon House as a local history museum which will also tell the story of the North-east salmon fishing industry.
 

            Representatives of Portsoy Community Council, Portsoy 75 Club, the North-east of Scotland Preservation Trust, Scottish Traditional Boat Festival and Banff and Buchan District Council will form a working party for the scheme, which is expected to cost around £150,000 and could be completed by late 1997 or early 1998.
 

            District Council senior project officer, Richard Leith said "its part of what is proposed for Portsoy as a whole.  This is an important part of what will be provided in the Portsoy area for visitors and locals alike.   The Centre will be an interpretative centre for the salmon fishing industry of the Moray Firth and a local history museum.   We are hoping that we can also incorporate a genealogy centre where people who have left Portsoy can come back and find who their forebears were."
 

            The Portsoy Salmon House, a listed building, was purpose-built in 1834 by Seafield Estates who owned the fishing rights along the coast.  The building was in use until November 1990, when the trade of salmon netting came to an end.
 

            The District Council agreed to buy the Salmon House, which will be transferred to the trust, and the North-east of Scotland Museums Service owns much of the original equipment.
 

            Local district councillor Jack Mair welcomed the project.  The establishment of the trust was also welcomed by Sinclair Young, of the Scottish traditional Boat Festival, as part of the development process in Portsoy.   "Everything we can get going in Portsoy benefits the economy," he said.

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